Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or bamboo-based materials for premium products

Key properties: Softness, breathability, and quick-drying capability

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial part of the pad, responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both in varying ratios

Absorption capacity typically ranges from 10 to 50 times its weight in liquid

### 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials used:

– Polyethylene film (most common)
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

### 4. Adhesive Components

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for panty attachment
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding
– Silicone-based release paper for packaging

## Additional Features and Materials

### Wings and Side Barriers

– Non-woven fabric with elastic components
– Special adhesives for secure wing attachment

### Fragrance and Additives

– Some pads include odor-control agents
– Aloe vera or chamomile extracts for skin comfort
– Antimicrobial treatments (in some premium products)

## Material Properties and Performance Factors

### Absorption Characteristics

– SAP concentration affects absorption speed and capacity
– Distribution pattern impacts fluid spreading
– Retention ability prevents reverse flow

### Breathability and Comfort

– Microporous back sheets improve air circulation
– Textured top sheets reduce skin contact area
– Material flexibility affects movement comfort

### Safety Considerations

– Hypoallergenic materials reduce irritation risk
– Dye-free options for sensitive skin
– Phthalate-free adhesives in premium products

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments focus on sustainable materials:

– Biodegradable plant-based top sheets
– Compostable back sheets from corn starch
– Organic cotton as an alternative to synthetic materials
– Reduced SAP content with improved pulp blends

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad raw materials directly impacts product performance, comfort, and safety. As technology advances, we’re seeing more innovative materials that balance absorption, comfort, and environmental sustainability. Understanding these components helps both manufacturers optimize production and consumers select products that best meet their needs.