Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and comfort of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric (polypropylene or polyethylene)
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

Properties: Soft, breathable, and quick-drying to prevent irritation and maintain comfort.

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Cotton or rayon fibers

Properties: High absorbency, good retention capacity, and effective liquid distribution.

### 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture away from clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials like PLA (polylactic acid)

Properties: Waterproof, breathable, and flexible for comfortable wear.

### 4. Adhesive Components

These include:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for pad attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding

Properties: Strong enough to secure the pad but gentle on fabrics.

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

### 1. Odor-Control Additives

– Activated charcoal
– Baking soda
– Antimicrobial agents

### 2. Cooling Gel Components

– Menthol-infused layers
– Aloe vera coatings

### 3. Organic and Natural Options

– Organic cotton topsheets
– Bamboo charcoal cores
– Biodegradable backsheets

## Material Properties and Performance Factors

### Absorption Capacity

Determined by the combination of fluff pulp and SAP ratio. Higher SAP content generally means better absorption but may reduce breathability.

### Breathability

Affected by the top sheet and back sheet materials. Non-woven fabrics and microporous films offer better air circulation.

### Softness and Comfort

Depends on fiber fineness and surface texture of the top sheet. Premium pads often use finer fibers for a silkier feel.

### Environmental Impact

Biodegradable materials like PLA, organic cotton, and bamboo reduce environmental footprint but may cost more.

## Future Trends in Sanitary Pad Materials

The industry is moving toward:

– More sustainable and biodegradable options
– Smart materials with pH monitoring capabilities
– Enhanced comfort technologies like 3D surface structures
– Improved breathability without compromising protection

Understanding these material compositions helps consumers select products that match their needs for comfort, protection, and environmental considerations.