Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

# Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

Sanitary napkins are essential feminine hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use. This article explores the key components of sanitary napkins and their respective functions.

1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

  • Non-woven fabric (polypropylene or polyethylene)
  • Perforated plastic film
  • Cotton or cotton blends

This layer needs to be soft, breathable, and quick-drying to maintain comfort while allowing menstrual fluid to pass through to the absorbent core.

2. Absorbent Core

The core is the most important functional component, responsible for fluid absorption. It consists of:

The SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, transforming it into a gel to prevent leakage and maintain dryness.

3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the waterproof layer that prevents leaks. Common materials include:

  • Polyethylene film
  • Microporous breathable film
  • Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

This layer must be flexible yet strong enough to contain fluids while allowing some breathability.

4. Adhesive Components

Several adhesive elements are used in sanitary napkins:

  • Pressure-sensitive adhesive for attaching to underwear
  • Hot melt adhesive for bonding layers together
  • Release paper backing for the adhesive strip

5. Additional Features

Modern sanitary napkins may include:

  • Wings with adhesive for better security
  • Odor control agents (activated charcoal, baking soda)
  • Aloe vera or chamomile for skin comfort
  • Antibacterial treatments

Environmental Considerations

With growing environmental awareness, manufacturers are developing alternatives:

  • Biodegradable top sheets from bamboo or corn fibers
  • Organic cotton components
  • Chlorine-free pulp
  • Plant-based adhesives

Understanding these materials helps consumers choose products that align with their comfort needs, health concerns, and environmental values. As technology advances, we can expect continued innovation in sanitary napkin materials and designs.