Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual flow. It is typically made from a combination of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

### Fluff Pulp

Fluff pulp is a type of wood pulp that is highly absorbent and soft. It is derived from softwood trees like pine and spruce. The properties of fluff pulp include:

– High absorbency
– Soft texture
– Biodegradability

### Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)

SAP are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. They are usually made from sodium polyacrylate. The properties of SAP include:

– High absorption capacity
– Gel formation upon absorption
– Non-biodegradability

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

### Nonwoven Fabric

Nonwoven fabrics are commonly used for the top sheet. They are made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene or polyethylene. The properties of nonwoven fabrics include:

– Softness
– Breathability
– Quick-drying

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against moisture.

### Polyethylene Film

Polyethylene film is often used for the back sheet due to its waterproof properties. The properties of polyethylene film include:

– Waterproof
– Flexible
– Durable

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to keep the sanitary pad in place within the underwear. They are typically pressure-sensitive adhesives applied to the back sheet.

### Hot Melt Adhesives

Hot melt adhesives are commonly used in sanitary pads. They are thermoplastic adhesives that become liquid when heated and solidify upon cooling. The properties of hot melt adhesives include:

– Strong adhesion
– Quick setting
– Non-toxic

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to cover the adhesive before the pad is used. It is typically made from silicone-coated paper.

### Silicone-Coated Paper

Silicone-coated paper is used for its non-stick properties. The properties of silicone-coated paper include:

– Non-stick surface
– Easy to peel
– Durable

## Conclusion

Understanding the raw materials used in sanitary pads helps in appreciating the complexity and functionality of these essential hygiene products. Each material is chosen for its specific properties to ensure comfort, absorbency, and leak protection. As technology advances, we can expect further innovations in the materials used to enhance the performance and sustainability of sanitary pads.